Medical kits for Self-reliant families has a list of things you should/could have in a medical kit and their uses. Very good stuff. The list looks like this:

thermometer detecting fever
aspirin/Tylenol fever/pain
zinc lozenges head off colds/flu
cough/throat lozenges comfort with colds
antifungal medication fungus infections of the skin
antibiotic ointment heal curs/abrasions
eye medication infections/irritations
oral expectorant clear lungs, reduce coughing
burn medication reduce severity and pain from burns
oral electrolytes treats dehydration
rolls of 2″ sterile gauze covers wounds, control bleeding

But it continues and has discussions of how to treat things from splinters to hypothermia.